Momentum builds over Iran nuclear standoff

The head of the UN atomic watchdog is expected in Tehran within days, an Iranian official said yesterday, after Washington and its allies demanded progress this month from Tehran in revived talks on the nuclear standoff.
International Atomic Energy Agency Director General Mohamed ElBaradei will meet Ali Akbar Salehi, head of the Iranian Atomic Energy Organisation, the official told AFP.
The visit will take place at the start of the Iranian week, which begins on Saturday, he added.
US President Barack Obama on Thursday demanded swift and "constructive" action from Iran following the crucial nuclear talks in Geneva on Thursday, and warned that his patience for dialogue was limited.
But Obama conceded the meeting between six world powers and Tehran, which included the highest-level direct talks between the United States and Iran in three decades, marked a "constructive" start to defusing the nuclear standoff.
The talks were the first for 15 months, and western officials in Geneva acknowledged that it marked Iran's "engagement" on its nuclear programme after they said Iran refused to talk about it since July 2008.
"Very important things happened in Geneva, the positions shifted," said Bernard Hourcade, an expert on Iran at the French research institute CNRS.
Senior US officials in Geneva said part of the outcome might temper more immediate fears, especially in the Middle East, that Iran had accumulated enough enriched uranium to produce a nuclear weapon.
Iran insists it has a right to civilian nuclear energy, but the partly covert buildup of its nuclear programme in recent years, especially uranium enrichment, has fuelled suspicions in the West and Israel that Tehran is hiding a nuclear weapons programme.
Iran agreed to cooperate "fully and immediately" on the second enrichment facility near the holy city of Qom, EU foreign policy chief Javier Solana said after the Geneva talks.
But the six powers -- Britain, China, France, Germany, Russia and the United States -- expected IAEA inspections to be allowed within two weeks, he added.
A senior US administration official said ElBaradei's visit would deal with the issue, following an outcry over Iran's belated disclosure last week of construction of the underground uranium enrichment plant.
Iran also struck a tentative agreement with the six powers to ship some of its stocks of low enriched uranium abroad for reprocessing into fuel for an internationally-supervised research reactor in Tehran.
A senior US official said in Geneva that the move was a key confidence building measure that might remove "most" of the enriched uranium that could potentially be used to make a bomb in the more immediate future.
"If Iran agrees to send most of its stockpile of LEU (low enriched uranium) to Russia to be further enriched to provide this fuel, it will reduce that source of anxiety," the official told journalists, speaking on condition of anonymity.
Experts estimated that in recent months, Iran had exceeded the amount of low energy uranium needed to produce enough higher grade uranium to make a bomb, he explained.
Iran had first approached the IAEA several months to a year ago because its fuel for the reactor would end its lifespan within a year to 18 months, according to US officials.
The arrangement was then hatched through the IAEA after it approached several of the UN Security Council powers.
Under the deal, the uranium stocks would be shipped to Russia for further enrichment and to France for reprocessing into fuel suitable for the Tehran reactor, which was supplied by the United States several decades ago.
However, the agreement is only "in principle" and the technical details need to be worked out at a meeting of the IAEA in Vienna on October 18.