Global climate deal hinges on money

The success of talks this year to salvage a global climate accord hinges on money, Mexico's President Felipe Calderon said yesterday, urging executives at the World Economic Forum to pay more to fight climate change.
Despite recent scandals that have invigorated global warming sceptics, Calderon and the UN climate chief vigorously defended scientific work showing that sea levels are rising and glaciers melting, with consequences for millions of people and economies worldwide.
Calderon will host the UN climate summit in Cancun at the end of the year, which hopes to improve on the failure last month in Copenhagen to produce a binding accord limiting carbon emissions.
"The economic costs associated with trying to tackle climate change" are central to the challenges facing governments, he said.
"We need to try to learn from our mistakes in Copenhagen," Calderon said in Davos. "If we can find an economic mechanism ... we will be on track."
Rich and developing countries clashed at Copenhagen over how much, and how, each should contribute to battling global warming. At the end, the key emerging economies of Brazil, South Africa, India and China brokered a political accord with President Barack Obama and they will play a key role in shaping what the UN hopes will be a legally binding climate deal by the end of the year.
As countries shakily emerge from recession, a key part of the debate is ensuring that progress is environmentally effective but also won't break the bank.
"In the private sector, we need clear targets," said Renault-Nissan head Carlos Ghosn, who has championed electric cars. He encouraged cooperation among governments and the private sector for a climate accord and for fixed emissions targets and prices for emitting carbon gases.
Yvo de Boer, head of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, told The Associated Press that recent scandals over climate data have not discredited the scientific evidence that global warming exists and must be countered.
"What's happened, it's unfortunate, it's bad, it's wrong, but I don't think it has damaged the basic science," he said in an interview late Thursday.
Global warming sceptics have expressed anger after a UN report warning that Himalayan glaciers could be gone by 2035 turned out to be off by hundreds of years because of a typo the actual year was 2350 and over stolen e-mails from the University of East Anglia's climate science unit.
"Concluding that the Himalayan glaciers are going to disappear later is like being happy about the fact that the Titanic is sinking more slowly than we had originally feared, even though it's still going to sink," de Boer said.
De Boer expressed confidence that the business leaders at Davos, who are starting to enjoy an economic recovery after a rough couple of years, would invest anew in renewable energy.
"Energy sector investments that were put on hold because of the crisis are beginning to be made again," he said. "I think people will take future climate change policy into account."
Also Friday, Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates and his wife Melinda said their foundation will donate $10 billion over the next decade to research new vaccines and bring them to the world's poorest countries.
"We must make this the decade of vaccines," Gates said in a statement at Davos. "Innovation will make it possible to save more children than ever before."
The forum also honoured Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva for his "global statesmanship," but he could not attend the ceremony for health reasons. Brazilian Foreign Minister Celso Amorim received the award Friday on Silva's behalf, saying the president viewed the honour as an "award for Brazil."
The forum said the award was for Silva’s eight years of model leadership.
Meanwhile, Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates pledged 10 billion dollars over the next decade Friday to research and deliver vaccines to the world's poorest countries.
Increased vaccination could save more than eight million children by 2020, said the entrepreneur-turned-philanthropist, announcing the commitment by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation he heads with his wife.
But he added that money was needed and called on governments and the private sector to do more.
"We must make this the decade of vaccines," said Gates at the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos. "Vaccines already save and improve millions of lives in developing countries.
"Innovation will make it possible to save more children than ever before."
Gates, who is a regular at the annual Swiss ski resort meeting of political and business leaders, called on others to "fill critical financing gaps in both research funding and childhood immunisation programmes."
"Increased investment in vaccines by governments and the private sector could help developing countries dramatically reduce child mortality by the end of the decade," said a Foundation statement.
The projections were based on research by experts at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in the United States, on the potential impact of vaccines on childhood deaths over the next 10 years.
By boosting the delivery of vaccines in developing countries to 90 percent coverage, the experts' model suggested that the lives of 7.6 million under-fives could be saved in the next decade.
An additional 1.1 million youngsters could be saved by rapid introduction of a malaria vaccine in 2014, bringing the total lives saved to 8.7 million.
Melinda Gates, who heads the couple's Foundation with her husband, added: "Vaccines are a miracle -- with just a few doses, they can prevent deadly diseases for a lifetime.