BJP widens sway in India
Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi's ruling party won power in remote northeast Assam and made gains in other states yesterday, expanding its political influence beyond its traditional heartland two years after a landslide national election victory.
The Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party seized control of restive Assam from the centre-left Congress party, which promised to "work harder" to win people's confidence after losing ground in several states. It suffered defeats in Assam and the southern state of Kerala.
Regional parties were re-elected in the southern state of Tamil Nadu and the eastern state of West Bengal, where the BJP has a small presence and was not expected to win. The two most formidable women in Indian politics, Mamata Banerjee and J Jayalalithaa emerged clear winners in their states on Thursday.
Mamata Banerjee's TMC looked set to sweep West Bengal despite being closely associated with two big corruption scandals, the Narada and the Sarada scams. The TMC has won 177 seats of the 294 Assembly seats in West Bengal. Including those wins, the TMC is leading in 212 seats.
The Left's alliance with the Congress has won a mere 60 seats and is ahead in 13, which puts it ahead in a paltry 73 seats. The Left's loss was the BJP's gain. It has actually won 3 seats here and is ahead in 2 - in 2011 it didn't win a single seat. Its vote share has actually gone up to 10% from 4% in the 2011 Assembly polls.
"These results show that the people are accepting, appreciating and supporting our pro-development ideology," Modi told supporters at his party's headquarters in New Delhi.
Assam is the first northeastern state to be controlled by the BJP, whose traditional power base is in Hindi-speaking north, central and west India.
Political analyst Ashok Malik told AFP that yesterday's results showed the BJP was now India's only truly national party.
"This expansion for the BJP comes at a time when the Congress is shrinking, even though they have different social constituencies," said Malik, a fellow with New Delhi-based Observer Research Foundation think-tank.
"And now, the BJP is the only pan-India national party, which the Congress once used to be."
The BJP needs to win state elections to gain more seats in the nation's upper house of parliament, which has been blocking reforms seen as crucial to fuelling the economic growth it has promised voters.
Most members of the upper house, which has obstructed measures such as a planned standardised goods and services tax, are indirectly elected by state legislatures.
The BJP mounted a fierce campaign in tea-growing Assam, promising to support indigenous rights and crack down on illegal immigration from neighbouring Bangladesh.
Migrants have long been accused of illegally entering the state from Bangladesh and grabbing land, causing tensions with local people and sporadic outbreaks of communal violence.
India's seven northeastern states, joined to the rest of the country by a narrow sliver of land, are culturally distinct from the rest of the country and have a long history of separatist insurgencies.
"People were fed up and they wanted a change... that's why this time they've voted for BJP and its alliance partners," said Sarbananda Sonowal, BJP's Assam chief ministerial candidate.
Partial results showed Congress had just 26 of the total 126 seats in Assam and the BJP-led alliance had 86.
The party also made gains in Kerala in the south.
Modi's party swept to power in a general election two years ago promising business-friendly reforms to overhaul the economy, but lost out in two critical state polls in 2015.
With final results from the five states still to come in, regional parties looked set to win in Kerala and Tamil Nadu in the south.
Jubilant supporters of Tamil Nadu's popular Chief Minister Jayalalithaa gathered outside her house to celebrate, many of them painted in the colours of the state flag.
The former movie star known as "Amma" (Mother) has long enjoyed a huge following in prosperous Tamil Nadu where she has won three terms as chief minister since 1991.
The 68-year-old has earned loyalty with a series of populist schemes including giving away gold, goats and kitchen appliances at election time, but has also drawn accusations of corruption and an autocratic governing style.
Congress vice-president Rahul Gandhi, who fronted the campaigning in several states, tweeted that his party would "work harder till we win the confidence & trust of people".
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